sexta-feira, 10 de maio de 2019

Time periods of Earth history.

       Below is a list of the commonly used eras that are used to identify differing stages in the planet Earth’s history.‭ ‬While this list has been updated to be as accurate as possible,‭ ‬it should be born in mind that some of these dates are considered approximate and may vary by a few hundred thousand years either way.‭ ‬In addition to this,‭ ‬as new techniques are utilised,‭ ‬studies are conducted and our understanding increases,‭ ‬then these temporal boundaries may in the future be redefined and altered to how they appear below.‭ ‬In addition to this,‭ ‬alternative names for some of these periods are also sometimes used,‭ ‬but these below are the most universally common.
Cenozoic Quaternary Holocene (0-0.0117 Mya)
       "        " Pleistocene (U) Tarantian (0.0117-0.126 Mya)
       "        "        " (M) Ionian (0.126-0.781 Mya)
       "        "        " (L) Calabrian (0.781-1.806 Mya)
       "        "        " (L) Gelasian (1.806-2.588 Mya)
       " Neogene Pliocene Piacenzian (2.588-3.6 Mya)
       "        "        " Zanclean (3.6-5.332 Mya)
       "        " Miocene Messinian (5.332-7.246 Mya)
       "        "        " Tortonian (7.246-11.608 Mya)
       "        "        " Serravallian (11.608-13.65 Mya)
       "        "        " Langhian (13.65-15.97 Mya)
       "        "        " Burdigalian (15.97-20.43 Mya)
       "        "        " Aquitanian (20.43-23.03 Mya)
       " Paleogene Oligocene Chattian (23.03-28.1 Mya)
       "        "        " Rupelian (28.1-33.9 Mya)
       "        " Eocene Priabonian (33.9-38 Mya)
       "        "        " Bartonian (38-41.3 Mya)
       "        "        " Lutetian (41.3-47.8 Mya)
       "        "        " Ypresian (47.8-56 Mya)
       "        " Paleocene Thanetian (56-59.2 Mya)
       "        "        " Selandian (59.2-61.6 Mya)
       "        "        " Danian (61.6-66 Mya)
Mesozoic Cretaceous Upper Maastrichtian (66-72.1 Mya)
       "        "        " Campanian (72.1-83.6 Mya)
       "        "        " Santonian (83.6-86.3 Mya)
       "        "        " Coniacian (86.3-89.8 Mya)
       "        "        " Turonian (89.8-93.9 Mya)
       "        "        " Cenomanian (93.9-100.5 Mya)
       "        " Lower Albian (100.5-113 Mya)
       "        "        " Aptian (113-125 Mya)
       "        "        " Barremian (125-129.4 Mya)
       "        "        " Hauterivian (129.4-132.9 Mya)
       "        "        " Valanginian (132.9-139.8 Mya)
       "        "        " Berriasian (139.8-145 Mya)
       " Jurassic Upper Tithonian (145-152.1 Mya)
       "        "        " Kimmeridgian (152.1-157.3 Mya)
       "        "        " Oxfordian (157.3-163.5 Mya)
       "        " Middle Callovian (163.5-166.1 Mya)
       "        "        " Bathonian (166.1-168.3 Mya)
       "        "        " Bajocian (168.3-170.3 Mya)
       "        "        " Aalenian (170.3-174.1 Mya)
       "        " Lower Toarcian (174.1-182.7 Mya)
       "        "        " Pliensbachian (182.7-190.8 Mya)
       "        "        " Sinemurian (190.8-199.3 Mya)
       "        "        " Hettangian (199.3-201.3 Mya)
       " Triassic Upper Rhaetian (201.3-208.5 Mya)
       "        "        " Norian (208.5-228 Mya)
       "        "        " Carnian (228-235 Mya)
       "        " Middle Ladinian (235-242 Mya)
       "        "        " Anisian (242-247.2 Mya)
       "        " Lower Olenekian (247.2-251.2 Mya)
       "        "        " Induan (251.2-252.2 Mya)
Palaeozoic Permian Lopingian Changhsingian (251-253.8 Mya)
       "        "        " Wuchiapingian (253.8-260.4 Mya)
       "        "        " Capitanian (260.4-265.8 Mya)
       "        " Guadalupian Wordian (265.8-268 Mya)
       "        "        " Roadian (268-270.6 Mya)
       "        " Cisuralian Artinskian (275.6-284.4 Mya)
       "        "        " Sakmarian (284.4-294.6 Mya)
       "        "        " Asselian (294.6-299 Mya)
       " Carboniferous Pennsylvanian Gzhelian (299-303.9 Mya)
       "        "        " Kasimovian (303.9-306.5 Mya)
       "        "        " Moscovian (306.5-311.7 Mya)
       "        "        " Bashkirian (311.7-318.1 Mya)
       "        " Mississippian Serpukhovian (318.1-328.3 Mya)
       "        "        " Visean (328.3-345.3 Mya)
       "        "        " Tournaisian (345.3-359.2 Mya)
       " Devonian Upper Famennian (359.2-374.5 Mya)
       "        "        " Frasnian (374.5-385.3 Mya)
       "        " Middle Givetian (385.3-391.8 Mya)
       "        "        " Eifelian (391.8-397.5 Mya)
       "        " Lower Emsian (397.5-407 Mya)
       "        "        " Pragian (407-411.2 Mya)
       "        "        " Lochkovian (411.2-416 Mya)
       " Silurian Upper Pridoli (416-418.7 Mya)
       "        " Middle Ludlow (418.7-422.9 Mya)
       "        "        " Wenlock (422.9-428.2 Mya)
       "        " Lower Llandovery (428.2-443.7 Mya)
       " Ordovician Upper Hirnantian
       " (443.7-488.3 mya)
Katian
       "        "        " Sandbian
       "        " Middle Darriwilian
       "        "        " Dapingian
       "        " Lower Floian
       "        "        " Tremadocian
       " Cambrian Upper Stage 10 (488.3-499 mya)
       " (488.3-542 mya)        " Stage 9
       "        "        " Paibian
       "        " Middle Dresbachian
       "        "        " Drumian
       "        "        " Stage 5
       "        " Lower Toyonian
       "        "        " Botomian
       "        "        " Atdabanian
       "        "        " Tommotian
       "        "        " Nemakit-Daldynian
Proterozoic Neoproterozoic Ediacaran (542-635 Mya)
       "        " Cryogenian (635-850 Mya)
       "        " Tonian (850-1000 Mya)
       " Mesoproterozoic Stenian (1000-1200 Mya)
       "        " Ectasian (1200-1400 Mya)
       "        " Calymmian (1400-1600 Mya)
       " Paleoproterozoic Statherian (1600-1800 Mya)
       "        " Orosirian (1800-2050 Mya)
       "        " Rhyacian (2050-2300 Mya)
       "        " Siderian (2300-2500 Mya)
Archean Neoarchean (2500-2800 Mya)

       " Paleoarchean (2800-3200 Mya)

       " Mesoarchean (3200-3600 Mya)

       " Neoarchean (3600-3800 Mya)

Hadean
(3800-4600 Mya)


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